Zvigadzirwa zvakapedzwa nePVC zvinoshandiswa mumaindasitiri akasiyana. Kuongororwa nekuyedzwa kwePVC calcium zinc stabilizers kunoda nzira dzakasiyana zvichienderana nekushanda kwadzo. Kazhinji, kune nzira mbiri huru: static uye dynamic. Nzira ye static inosanganisira Congo red test paper method, aging oven test, uye electromotive force method, nepo nzira ye dynamic inosanganisira torque rheometer test uye dynamic double roll test.
1. Nzira yeCongo Red Test Paper
Uchishandisa chimbuzi chemafuta chine glycerol yakavakirwa mukati, PVC ichaedzwa inosanganiswa zvakaenzana nechinodzivirira kupisa uye yoiswa muchubhu diki yekuyedza. Chinhu chacho chinozununguswa zvishoma kuti chisimbiswe, uye chobva chaiswa muchubhu yemafuta. Tembiricha yeglycerol muchubhu yemafuta yePVC calcium zinc stabilizer inoiswa pachine nguva kusvika pa170 ℃, kuitira kuti pamusoro pechinhu chePVC muchubhu diki yekuyedza paenzane nepamusoro peglycerol. Pamusoro pechubhu diki yekuyedza, chivharo chine chubhu chegirazi chakatetepa chinoiswa, uye chubhu yegirazi inoonekera kubva kumusoro kusvika pasi. Pepa rekuyedza reCongo dzvuku rinomonerwa uye rinoiswa pasi pechubhu yegirazi, kuitira kuti mupendero wepasi wepepa rekuyedza reCongo dzvuku uri kure nemucheto wepamusoro wechinhu chePVC. Mushure mekunge kuyedza kwatanga, nyora nguva kubva painoiswa tambo yekuyedza yeCongo dzvuku muchubhu yekuyedza kusvika painoshanduka kuva bhuruu, inova nguva yekugadzikana kwekupisa. Dzidziso huru yekuedza uku ndeyekuti PVC inoora nekukurumidza patembiricha inosvika 170 ℃, asi nekuda kwekuwedzera kwe heat stabilizer, kuora kwayo kunodziviswa. Nekufamba kwenguva, heat stabilizer ichashandiswa. Kana kushandiswa kwapera, PVC ichaora nekukurumidza uye ichaburitsa HCl gasi. Panguva ino, Congo red reagent iri mu test tube ichachinja ruvara nekuda kwekuita kwayo nyore neHCl. Nyora nguva panguva ino uye tonga kushanda kwe heat stabilizer zvichienderana nehurefu hwenguva.
2. Kuedzwa kweovheni isingachinji
Gadzirira mienzaniso yakasanganiswa nekukurumidza yeupfu hwePVC nezvimwe zvinobatsira pakugadzirisa (senge mafuta, zvinogadzirisa kukanganiswa, zvinozadza, nezvimwewo) kuwedzera kune zvinosimbisa calcium zinc zvePVC. Tora huwandu hwakati hwemuenzaniso uri pamusoro apa, wedzera zvinosimbisa kupisa zvakasiyana kune zvinosimbisa calcium zinc zvePVC muchikamu chakati, sanganisa zvakanaka, wobva wawedzera kumusanganiswa wezvimiti zviviri.
Kugadzirira zvidimbu zvekuyedza pamuchina wekusanganisa kunowanzoitwa pasina kuwedzera mapurasitiki. Tembiricha ye double roll inoiswa pa 160-180 ℃, uye kana uchiwedzera mapurasitiki, tembiricha ye roll inowanzova pa 140 ℃. Nekudzvanya kakawanda nematanda maviri, muenzaniso wePVC wakafanana unowanikwa, wozochekwa kuti uwane sampuli dzePVC dzehukuru hwakati dzine zvigadzikiso zvakasiyana zvekupisa. Isa zvidimbu zvakasiyana zvePVC test pamudziyo wakasimba wozozviisa muovheni inogara ichidziya (kazhinji 180 ℃). Nyora shanduko yeruvara rwezvidimbu zvekuyedza maminetsi gumi ega ega kana maminetsi gumi nemashanu kusvika zvaita dema.
Kuburikidza nemiedzo yekukwegura kweovheni, kushanda kwezvinodzora kupisa pa PVC thermal stability kunogona kuonekwa, kunyanya kugona kwavo kudzvinyirira shanduko dzemavara. Zvinowanzo fungidzirwa kuti kana PVC yapiswa, ruvara ruchachinja kubva pachiedza kuenda kune rima, kusanganisira chena yero brown brown black. Mamiriro ekuora anogona kuonekwa neruvara rwePVC kwenguva yakati.
3. Nzira yemagetsi (nzira yekufambisa magetsi)
Mudziyo wekuyedza une zvikamu zvina. Rutivi rwerudyi mudziyo wegesi isina simba, uyo unowanzo shandisa nitrogen, asi dzimwe nguva mhepo. Musiyano ndewekuti kana uchishandisa dziviriro yenitrogen, PVC calcium zinc stabilizer inogona kudzivirira kuora kwemaketani ePVC anokonzerwa nekuoxidation kweokisijeni mumhepo. Mudziyo wekuyedza wekupisa unowanzova bath yemafuta pa180 ℃. Musanganiswa wePVC neheat stabilizers unoiswa mukati meoil bath. Kana HCl gas yagadzirwa, inopinda muNaOH solution kuruboshwe pamwe negasi isina simba. NaOH inokurumidza kunwisa HCl, zvichiita kuti pH value yemhinduro ichinje. Nekunyora shanduko dze pH meter nekufamba kwenguva, mhedzisiro yeheat stabilizers dzakasiyana inogona kuonekwa. Mumhedzisiro yekuyedza, pH t curve inowanikwa nekugadzirwa yakakamurwa kuita induction period nenguva yekukura, uye kureba kwenguva yeinduction kunosiyana nekushanda kweheat stabilizer.
4. Torque rheometer
Torque rheometer chishandiso chidiki chinowanzo shandiswa kutevedzera kugadzirwa chaiko kwePVC. Kune bhokisi rekugadzirisa rakavharwa kunze kwechishandiso, uye tembiricha yebhokisi rekugadzirisa uye kumhanya kwemaroller maviri emukati zvinogona kudzorwa kuburikidza nekombuta yakabatana nechishandiso. Huremu hwezvinhu hunowedzerwa kutorque rheometer hunowanzova 60-80 g, izvo zvinosiyana zvichienderana nemamodheru akasiyana ezvishandiso. Matanho ekuyedza ndeaya anotevera: gadzira masterbatch ine zvigadzikiso zvakasiyana zvekupisa pachine nguva, uye fomura yekutanga yemasterbatch inowanzo sanganisira ACR kuwedzera kuPVC CPE、CaCO3、TiO、 Mafuta, nezvimwewo. Torque rheometer inoiswa patembiricha pachine nguva. Kana yasvika patembiricha yakatarwa uye kumhanya kwakasimba, musanganiswa wakayerwa unowedzerwa kubhokisi rekugadzirisa, unovharwa nekukurumidza, uye maparamendi akasiyana pakombuta yakabatana anorekodhwa, inova rheological curve. Mushure mekugadzirisa, maficha akasiyana echitarisiko chezvinhu zvakaburitswa anogonawo kuwanikwa, akadai sekuchena, kungave kwakagadzirwa, kutsvedzerera, nezvimwewo. Nekushandisa maparamendi aya, kugona kweindasitiri kweheat stabilizer inoenderana kunogona kutsanangurwa. Chinogadzirisa kupisa chakakodzera chinofanira kunge chine nguva yakakodzera yekudzikamisa kupisa uye purasitiki, uye chigadzirwa chinofanira kunge chakagadzirwa zvakanaka chine kuchena kwakanyanya uye pamusoro pacho pakatsetseka. Chinoyera kupisa chakaita kuti pave nekubatana kuri nyore pakati pekutsvagisa murabhoritari nekugadzira zvinhu zvakawanda mumaindasitiri.
5. Bvunzo re "dynamic double roll"
Senzira yekubatsira pakuyera simba rekupisa, ma "dynamic double rollers" anoshandiswa kana pasina rheometer, uye mudziyo wekudzvanya piritsi re "double roller" unosarudzwa mukuyedza. Wedzera upfu hwakasanganiswa hunokurumidza uye uhudzvanye kuti huve muchimiro. Bvisa kakawanda sampuli yawawana. Kusvikira chidimbu chekuedza chashanduka kuva chitema, nyora nguva yainotora kuti chiite chitema chose, iyo inonzi nguva yekubvisa rima. Kuti uone mhedzisiro yekugadzikana kwekupisa kwe "heat stabilizers" dzakasiyana paPVC nekuenzanisa nguva yekubvisa rima.
Nguva yekutumira: Chikumi-20-2024
